A city reflects the collective mindset of its residents. Its structure and condition mirrors the internal values and priorities of the people who occupy it. Consequently, the quality and state of the general organization of its urban fabric—such as pedestrian walkways, bicycle lanes, parking configurations, and green spaces—mirror the collective consciousness of the populace.
It is tempting to attribute the disorganization and urban problems of a town solely to the executive leader in charge, such as the mayor or governor. While these figures play significant roles, in democratic systems, they are not permanent appointments; they are replaced or re-elected over time. Leaving their offices to new faces and, thus, new policies. Democracy, by definition, places the power in the hands of the people, meaning that those who are in charge and shape the cities—the executives and legislators—are themselves products of the citizenry. Cities, therefore, are reflections of the collective understandings, priorities, and values of the population.
Since civic art is a multigenerational art form that takes a long time to complete, even if a visionary and highly capable executive were to implement sweeping reforms to reorganize a city with remarkable foresight during his tenure, the continuity and completion of his efforts would ultimately depend on those who succeed him. And without a well-educated and civic-minded populace, the next nomination would go to a leader with no understanding and appreciation for his predecessor’s works; therefore, his work would be rendered incomplete, and the cycle of urban dysfunction would inevitably repeat itself.
On a separate note: The British historian, Colin Rowe, advocated for urban harmony achieved through a collage-like integration of architectural elements from various historical periods. He believed that juxtaposing structures from eras such as monarchical times, ancient Rome, and modern democracies creates a richly layered urban fabric. This approach, detailed in his work “Collage City,” emphasizes the value of diverse historical contributions coexisting within the urban environment.2
Establishing enduring civic art requires a foundation rooted not solely in the actions of individual leaders but in the character and mindset of the citizenry.* Their level of education, ethical principles, and perspectives on the natural and built environment directly influence the long-term evolution of the city’s form. This becomes more evident when observing the transformation over a broad span of time. The physical fabric of the urban environment serves as a mirror of the collective will and dominating culture of its people.†
Addressing urban challenges in the long and sure term requires tackling issues at their root: by intellectually empowering and properly educating each individual. Although the establishment of such educational reforms may be an arduous task, it is indispensable for achieving a long-term solution. When people are equipped with a genuine appreciation for the arts and sciences, they can make informed decisions that will positively transform their urban environment and, thus, revive civic art.
*Civic art and urban design represent perhaps the most noble of all artistic disciplines, entrusted to humanity. It is art on the grandest scale, transcending not only physical dimensions but also the fourth dimension: time. The processes of shaping a city are rarely finite, unfolding over decades, even centuries, in a continuous evolution of form and function. Consider the enduring beauty of cities like Rome, Paris, and London. These urban masterpieces are the result of layered contributions from distinct periods of design and planning, each adding to a sophisticated, inspiring collage. Such cities enable their citizenry to thrive—not only in the physical sense but also in virtue, philosophy, and the avant-garde arts that define human culture. Unlike other artistic endeavors, urban design is a generational art. No single individual can claim sole authorship of a city; its creation is an ongoing dialogue shaped by countless generations of leaders, architects, planners, engineers and artists over time. This makes the enduring qualities of its citizens—virtue, wisdom, and a commitment to shared values—essential to sustaining its beauty and functionality. Ultimately, the nobility of civic arts lies in its ability to embody the aspirations of society and elevate humanity across generations. Let us continue to honor this timeless craft, fostering the virtues and values necessary to build cities that inspire and endure.
† In the year 2014 during a discussion with my father I coined the statement: “Present me with a satellite image of a city center without revealing its name, and I can discern the values of its inhabitants.”
Footnotes:
1)Philip IV of Spain, a member of the Habsburg dynasty, is depicted with remarkable sophistication in Velázquez’s portrait. The artist masterfully conveys a powerful statement through his rendering of the king: the imposing armor adorned with intricate patterns, juxtaposed with the delicate, flowing fabric that enhances its contrast; the distinct facial features of the monarch; the subtle reddish hue on his pale complexion, suggesting vitality; and the meticulously painted blonde hair, enriched with depth and color. His eyes, weary and heavy, seem to reflect the weight of sovereignty. The background, simple and expertly executed, serves to highlight the central figure—the king. During this era, absolute power was concentrated in the hands of such rulers, and the evolution of the urban fabric was often a direct result of their personal philosophies . However, in a democracy, governance operates differently—the authority rests with the people and their elected officials. Thus the education of the common realm of the society is more noticeable in the urban fabric compared to the past. To further analyze the painting I would like to recommend the book: Velázquez by Nobert Wolf.
2) I would like to recommend the book Collage City, by Colin Rowe and Fred Koetter.
Image Credits:
Şahin Kaya Arıkoğlu 